Audiovisual Materials Availability and Utilization in the Teaching of Biology in Secondary Schools
Audiovisual Materials Availability and Utilization in the Teaching of Biology in Secondary Schools
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate “Audio-Visual Materials Availability and Utilization in the Teaching of Biology in Secondary Schools in Mkpat Enin Local Government Area”.
Two research questions were asked and answered. Ten (10) Biology Teachers formed the sample of the study. The instrument used for data collection was tagged “Availability and Utilization of Audio-visual Materials Questionnaire”. The data collected were analyzed using simple percentages.
Findings revealed that there is high percentage availability of audio-visual materials and a high rate of usage of audio-visual materials by Biology teachers in the study area. Based on the finding, it was recommended that school administrators should ensure a good standby power supply to secondary schools for the effective utilization of audio-visual aids.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE – INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Purpose of the study
1.4 Significance of the study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Limitation of the study
1.7 Delimitation of the study
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The Concept of Audio-Visual Materials
2.2 Availability of Audio-Visual Materials for effective teaching of Biology
2.3 Utilization of Audio-Visual Materials such as Computer for effective teaching of Biology
2.4 Selection and effective use of Audio-Visual Materials for effective teaching
2.5 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE – RESEARCH METHODS
3.1 Area of the Study
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Population of the Study
3.4 Sample and Sampling Technique
3.5 Instrument for Data Collection
3.6 Validation of the Instrument
3.7 Administration and Instrument
3.8 Method of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR – DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE – SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND
CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations
5.3 Conclusion
References
Appendix
Audiovisual Materials Availability and Utilization in the Teaching of Biology in Secondary Schools
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Audio-visual materials are teaching aids through which information can be heard and seen simultaneously. Teaching aids that only utilize one sense at a time might be bearing or seeing audio or visual aids. Audio-visual according to Dike (2013) do not only increase, they add clarity to the topic taught and make teaching more interesting. Visual instruction encourages the use of audio-visual aids to make abstract ideas more visible or concrete to the learners.
Educators have come to realize the most effective teaching that takes place when an individual has direct experience with the subject understudy, in other words, learners learn by doing. It is only through the use of instructional materials such as audio-visual that teaching can be offered the chance or opportunity to teach by doing experiments. This is because motivation, attention, concentration, and retention of facts are enhanced through the use of these materials Ode (2014).
Teaching processes are very important at all levels of educational development. If well planned and directed, they are key to the success and progress of an individual. Therefore, the best approach or methods have to be used in order to enhance effective teaching. Consequently, there is a need to employ the use of teaching aids like audio-visual materials to enhance the effective teaching of Biology.
According to Anzaku (2013), the terms audio-visual materials are commonly used to refer to those instructional materials that may be used to convey meaning without complete dependence upon verbal symbols or language. This according to Anzaku’s definition, a textbook or a reference material does not fall within this grouping of instructional materials but an illustration in a book does.
Anzaku (2013) stated that audio-visual materials include materials and types of equipment alike, that materials are considered to be systems or bodies or content of potential value when put to work while equipment often referred to as hardware components are the means of presenting such content.
The importance of audio-visual materials in the teaching process cannot be over-emphasized. Below are some of the roles of audio-visual materials, basing learning in sense experience, encouraging serve as a source of information. Individualize instruction (Ngozi, B. O; Samuel, A. O and Isaac, O. A; 2013).
Despite the place of Biology as a science subject in national development. It appears that the quality of the subject is lagging behind. Various views have been expressed in the media as to whether or not the standard or education is falling. A number of factors could be responsible for the apparent decline in the standard of science education.
One that easily comes to mind is the quality of instructional materials. A very important variable that has a direct bearing on the quality of classroom instruction is the availability and utilization of audio-visual materials as on institutional material by the teachers and students in schools. It is on the premises that the researcher seeks to investigate the effect of the availability and utilization of audio-visual material and the teaching of Biology in secondary schools.
Audiovisual Materials Availability and Utilization in the Teaching of Biology in Secondary Schools
1.2 Statement of the problem
The incessant use of verbal words in teaching by teachers to convey information to the students is one outstanding problem encountered by the researcher, it is noted that students need a rich sensory experience (Akpan, 2013).
The study is motivated by the fact that effective teaching does not occur and students do not retain for a longer period of time or understand what they are taught very well. Audio-visual aids such as teaching do not encourage participation and lack clarity, interest, motivation, and stimulation. It is not based on sense experience nor does it extend their experience. Above all, such teaching cannot be effective and permanent. Yet, there is also evidence of material in schools.
The study will therefore investigate the effect of the availability and utilization of audio-visual materials in schools in Mkat Enin Local Government Area so that the hindrance will be noted and worked upon towards promoting the effective use of audio-visual materials in schools.
1.3 Purpose of the study
The study is designed to examine the availability and utilization of audio-visual materials in the teaching of Biology in secondary schools in Mkat Enin Local Government Area. Specifically, they sought to;
- Examine the availability of television as audio-visual material and its utilization in the teaching of Biology;
- Examine the availability of computers as audio-visual materials and their utilization in the teaching of Biology.
1.4 Significance of the Study
Successful completion of this study will enable the students, parents, schools, administrators, teachers, and society at large will stand a greater advantage because the study will give them greater insight into the role of audio-visual aids in the teaching process.
This study will also serve as reference material for other researchers who may venture into this particular case. Also, it would serve as a source of statistical data for those who have such needs. The findings of this study would also reveal what the government should do in the area of providing audio-visual materials so as to promote effective teaching of Biology in the country in general.
1.5 Research Questions
The following research questions were stated to guide the study.
- To what extent does the availability of television as audio-visual materials affect its utilization in the teaching of Biology in secondary schools?
- How does the availability of computers influence their utilization in the teaching of Biology in secondary schools?
1.6 Limitations of the Study
The limitation of the study comes as a result of insufficient research materials, financial constraints, time, and bad roads. The researcher’s academic workload and high cost of transportation, due to these constraints stated above, the research would have not been successful but an effort was made by the researcher to overpower them.
Audiovisual Materials Availability and Utilization in the Teaching of Biology in Secondary Schools
1.7 Delimitation of the Study
This study is delimited to audio-visual materials availability and utilization such as the use of television and computer in the teaching of Biology in Mkpat Enin Local Government Area.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Availability: Refers to the number of quantity of items under consideration that are present at the time needed or required.
Utilization: This is the rate or degree to which a particular item or items are put to use in any given time.
Audio-media: Refer to those instructional materials that sensitize the sense of hearing alone; examples are radio, audio compact disc, Mp3 etc.
Visual Media: Visual materials are those instructional materials that appeal to the sense of sight (seeing) only examples are diagrams, charts, graph, pictures, chalkboards, map etc.
Audio-visual materials: These are instructional materials that appeal to both sense of hearing and seeing. When pictures, diagrams go with sound, it is an audio-visual synchronize system, examples are video compact disk, television, computer, projector, android phone etc.
Teaching: This is the act of helping the inexperienced ones learn effectively through the use of appropriate methods in improving the quantity of teaching.
Audiovisual Materials Availability and Utilization in the Teaching of Biology in Secondary Schools
Audiovisual Materials Availability and Utilization in the Teaching of Biology in Secondary Schools
